Research Progress in Androgen Receptor and Triple Negative Breast Cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

The research on androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer is advancing.Although the prognostic value of AR in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is controversial,a variety of studies have demonstrated that the lack of AR expression exacerbates disease progression.Moreover,the TNBC subtype of AR(-) is more aggressive than that of AR(+) due to the lack of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.With the discovery and deepening research of novel therapeutic targets such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin and S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 signaling pathways,as well as the emerging of immunotherapies,the treatment options for TNBC are increasing.Regarding the role of AR in TNBC,the studies about the tumor biology of AR(-)TNBC and novel biomarkers for improved management of the disease remain insufficient.In this review,we summarize the research progress of AR in TNBC,put forward avenues for future research on TNBC,and propose potential biomarkers and therapeutic strategies that warrant investigation.

Application of tumor biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Tumor biomarkers have multiple characteristics, including noninvasive, repeatable analysis and real-time monitoring, and they have important application value in early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In recent years, the researches on tumor markers of HCC have developed rapidly. There are not only traditional serological tumor markers, such as alpha fetoprotein, des-gamma carboxy prothrombin, Golgi protein 73, glypican-3, etc., but also new emerging "liquid biopsy" tumor markers, such as circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA etc. Further study on the correlation between tumor biomarkers and HCC can provide reference for the treatment and prognosis evaluation of HCC.

Expression and Clinical Significance of Lipocalin-2 in the Serum of Lung Cancer Patients / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Lung cancer is the highest incidence of cancer in the world, which seriously threatens human health. Early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer is particularly important for the survival of lung cancer patients. Serum tumor markers have been widely used as an important method for early diagnosis of tumor. However, there are few early diagnostic markers for lung cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression level of Lipocalin-2 and its clinical significance in serum of patients with lung cancer.@*METHODS@#The serum levels of Lipocalin-2 in 60 lung cancer patients and 63 healthy people were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the relationship between the expression level of Lipocalin-2 and the clinical characteristics of lung cancer was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The expression level of Lipocalin-2 in peripheral blood serum of patients with lung cancer was significantly higher than that of healthy people, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The expression of Lipocalin-2 in patients with lung cancer was related to the differentiation, stage and lymph node metastasis of pathological tissues, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression level of Lipocalin-2 in serum of patients with poorly differentiated lung cancer was higher than that of patients with well differentiated lung cancer; the expression level of Lipocalin-2 in serum of patients with lymph node metastasis was higher than that of patients without lymph node metastasis; the expression level of Lipocalin-2 in patients with clinical stage III + IV lung cancer was significantly higher than that of patients with clinical stage I + II lung cancer, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Lipocalin-2 is highly expressed in serum of patients with lung cancer, which is related to pathological differentiation, stage and lymph node metastasis. It is expected to become a potential new tumor marker for clinical diagnosis of lung cancer.

Radiomics and radiogenomics of primary liver cancers

Concurrent advancements in imaging and genomic biomarkers have created opportunities to identify non-invasive imaging surrogates of molecular phenotypes. In order to develop such imaging surrogates radiomics and radiogenomics/imaging genomics will be necessary; there has been consistent progress in these fields for primary liver cancers. In this article we evaluate the current status of the field specifically with regards to hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, highlighting some of the up and coming results that were presented at the annual Radiological Society of North America Conference in 2017. There are an increasing number of studies in this area with a bias towards quantitative feature measurement, which is expected to benefit reproducibility of the findings and portends well for the future development of biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response assessment. We review some of the advancements and look forward to some of the exciting future applications that are anticipated as the field develops.

Preliminary Study on the Biological Markers for I-IIb Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Based on a Serum-peptidomics / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have the highest incidence of lung cancer which treatment principles are diagnosis and treatment as early as possible. Because of its insidious onset and lack of specific markers for early screening, most patients are at an advanced stage when diagnosed which results in a low 5-year survival rate and poor prognosis. Therefore Exploring a sensitive biomarker is the focus of current diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the biological markers in serum of patients with I-IIb stage NSCLC by differential peptidomics analysis.@*METHODS@#The serum peptidome was compared and analyzed among the groups of normal health controls, benign lung diseases and early stage NSCLC patients using a nano ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with a quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometer. The differentially expressed polypeptides were identified and analyzed quantitatively to screen the tumor biomarkers for the early diagnosis of NSCLC patients.@*RESULTS@#According to the Swiss-Prot database, a total of 545 polypeptides originated from 118 proteins were identified. The spectral numbers of serum polypeptides in each group were compared and a total of 201 polypeptides differentially expressed were found. Following a quantitative analysis of the above peptides, we found that there were 7 peptides with the coefficient of variation (CV) less than 30% and among them the peptide of QGAKIPKPEASFSPR from ITIH4 was down-regulated and the peptide of CDDYRLC from MGP was up-regulated in NSCLC group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The tumor biomarkers obtained by serum peptidome technology can provide a new clue for early diagnosis of NSCLC and the specific peptides hydrolyzed from ITIH4 and MGP may be the serum biological markers for early NSCLC patients.

Diagnostic value of serum tumor biomarkers for endometrial cancer in elderly women with intrauterine abnormalities on transvaginal ultrasound / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate age-related changes in serum tumor markers carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125),CA153 and CA199,and the clinical significance of separate and combined detection of these markers for screening endometrial carcinoma(EC) in elderly women with intrauterine abnormalities on transvaginal ultrasound (TVS).Methods Cross-sectional data of 420 elderly women suspected of having an intrauterine abnormality by TVS and undergone hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage from January 2010 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into a 60-64 years-old group and a 65-83 years-old group.Aging-related changes in positive rates of CA125,CA153 and CA199 were compared between the two groups.Differences in positive rates of tumor markers were compared between different pathological types.Using postoperative pathological diagnosis as the gold standard for EC,the diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of serum CA125,CA153 and CA199 alone or in combination for EC were calculated.Results The positive rates of CA125,CA153 and CA199 were 3.9％(16/412),0％(0/172)and 5.0％ (20/404),respectively.The positive rate of CA125 was higher in the 65-83 years-old group(6.5％,16/246)than in the 60-64 years-old group(0.0％,0/166) (P =0.001).The positive rates of CA125 and CA199 in patients with EC were 14.3％ (4/28)and 42.9％ (12/28),which were higher than those in patients with other pathological types.However,the sensitivity of single and combined detection of CA125 and CA199 was too low for the diagnosis of EC(14％、43％).Conclusions The single and combined detection of CA125,CA153 and CA199 for screening EC is of limited value in elderly women.New tumor markers need to be identified and used in combination with TVS for screening EC in elderly women.

Early disseminated recurrence after liver resection in solitary hepatocellular carcinoma

PURPOSE: Although few hepatectomy patients develop unexpected early diffuse and multinodular recurrence in the remnant liver, the prognosis in such cases is often dismal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of early disseminated multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence within 3 months after liver resection for solitary HCC. METHODS: Eighty-four patients who were diagnosed with recurrent HCC within 3 months after hepatectomy for solitary HCC were retrospectively reviewed. Disseminated HCC recurrence was defined as more than 10 tumors in both lobes and total tumor size >10 cm. RESULTS: Preoperative α-FP level, incidence of poor tumor grade, and presence of portal vein tumor thrombosis were higher in the patients with disseminated HCC recurrence than in those without disseminated HCC recurrence (P 1,000 ng/dL was a predisposing factor of disseminated HCC recurrence within 3 months after liver resection. The overall survival rate for patients without disseminated HCC recurrence was higher than that for patients with disseminated HCC recurrence (P 1,000 ng/dL. Such patients should be frequently evaluated for the early detection of recurrent HCC for early intervention.

Understanding and research progress of the correlation between long-chain non-coding RNA and tumor / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides that regulates gene expression.Studies have shown that lncRNA c is involved in a variety of cellular processes,including apoptosis regulation,tumor invasion and metastasis,which have certain carcinogenic or tumor suppressoreffects during tumorigenesis and development.lncRNA can also affect tumor cell growth through epigenetic regulation,and some lncRNAs are also associated with specific tumor types.At present,lncRNA is considered to be a potential,new tumor marker and a new target for future tumor treatment,and will have good clinical application value and prospect in tumor diagnosis and treatment.

Global levels of lysine crotonylation in prostate cancer and its correlation with clinical stages and pathologic grades / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective • To study whether lysine crotonylation can be used as a candidate biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis, and its correlation with clinical stages and pathologic grades. Methods • Seventy-three cases of tumor and 7 normal prostate tissues were included in the study. The global levels of lysine crotonylation and histone H4 acetylation were detected in each sample by immunohistochemistry. Statistical comparison and correlation analysis were performed. Results • Compared with normal prostate tissue, the global level of lysine crotonylation was significantly reduced in prostate cancer tissue (P=0.001), while histone H4 acetylation levels were close to each other in two groups (P=0.704). No statistical difference in the levels of lysine crotonylation or histone H4 acetylation were found in different clinical stages and pathologic grades (P>0.05). There was no correlation between histone H4 acetylation and clinical stages or pathologic grades of prostate cancer. There was a positive correlation between lysine crotonylation and the grading of prostate cancer (r=0.493, P=0.000). Conclusion • Compared to histone H4 acetylation, lysine crotonylation is a better candidate biomarker to diagnose prostate cancer.

The Immunome of Colon Cancer: Functional In Silico Analysis of Antigenic Proteins Deduced from IgG Microarray Profiling / 基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报·英文版

Characterization of the colon cancer immunome and its autoantibody signature from differentially-reactive antigens (DIRAGs) could provide insights into aberrant cellular mechanisms or enriched networks associated with diseases. The purpose of this study was to characterize the antibody profile of plasma samples from 32 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 32 controls using proteins isolated from 15,417 human cDNA expression clones on microarrays. 671 unique DIRAGs were identified and 632 were more highly reactive in CRC samples. Bioinformatics analyses reveal that compared to control samples, the immunoproteomic IgG profiling of CRC samples is mainly associated with cell death, survival, and proliferation pathways, especially proteins involved in EIF2 and mTOR signaling. Ribosomal proteins (e.g., RPL7, RPL22, and RPL27A) and CRC-related genes such as APC, AXIN1, E2F4, MSH2, PMS2, and TP53 were highly enriched. In addition, differential pathways were observed between the CRC and control samples. Furthermore, 103 DIRAGs were reported in the SEREX antigen database, demonstrating our ability to identify known and new reactive antigens. We also found an overlap of 7 antigens with 48 "CRC genes." These data indicate that immunomics profiling on protein microarrays is able to reveal the complexity of immune responses in cancerous diseases and faithfully reflects the underlying pathology.

Fibronectin extra-domain B:biological characteristics and role in new targeted drugs development / 药学学报

Fibronectin extra-domain B (ED-B) has been a good target in new drug development, several relevant antibody drugs are in phase Ⅱ or Ⅲ clinical trials for metastatic melanoma, soft-tissue sarcoma and so on. Some data of phase Ⅱ clinical trials shows that ED-B antibody drugs (L19-IL2 and L19-TNF α) for melanoma are significantly superior to PD-1 antibody drugs. This article describes several aspects of ED-B, such as biological characteristics, the development of targeted drugs, and the potential therapeutic applications, including modifying protein drug structure, constructing fusion protein, expanding indications, developing companion diagnostics and individual treatments. We also discuss how to promote original innovation in drug discovery, which might help to find new development focus.

CA19-9 or CEA Decline after the First Cycle of Treatment Predicts Survival in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer Patients Treated with S-1 and Cisplatin Chemotherapy / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: While tumor markers (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 [CA 19-9] and carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]) can aid in the diagnosis of biliary tract cancer, their prognostic role has not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic role of tumor markers and tumor marker change in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with pathologically proven metastatic or relapsed biliary tract cancer who were treated in a phase II trial of first-line S-1 and cisplatin chemotherapy were enrolled. Serum tumor markers were measured at baseline and after the first cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Among a total of 104 patients, 80 (77%) had elevated baseline tumor markers (69 with CA 19-9 elevation and 40 with CEA). A decline ≥ 30% of the elevated tumor marker level after the first cycle of chemotherapy conferred an improved time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and better chemotherapy response. Multivariate analysis revealed tumor marker decline as an independent positive prognostic factor of TTP (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.44; p=0.003) and OS (adjusted HR, 0.37; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed similar results in each group of patients with CA 19-9 elevation and CEA elevation. In addition, elevated baseline CEA was associated with poor survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Tumor marker decline was associated with improved survival in biliary tract cancer. Measuring tumor marker after the first cycle of chemotherapy can be used as an early assessment of treatment outcome.

CA19-9 or CEA Decline after the First Cycle of Treatment Predicts Survival in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer Patients Treated with S-1 and Cisplatin Chemotherapy / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: While tumor markers (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 [CA 19-9] and carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]) can aid in the diagnosis of biliary tract cancer, their prognostic role has not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic role of tumor markers and tumor marker change in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with pathologically proven metastatic or relapsed biliary tract cancer who were treated in a phase II trial of first-line S-1 and cisplatin chemotherapy were enrolled. Serum tumor markers were measured at baseline and after the first cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Among a total of 104 patients, 80 (77%) had elevated baseline tumor markers (69 with CA 19-9 elevation and 40 with CEA). A decline ≥ 30% of the elevated tumor marker level after the first cycle of chemotherapy conferred an improved time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and better chemotherapy response. Multivariate analysis revealed tumor marker decline as an independent positive prognostic factor of TTP (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.44; p=0.003) and OS (adjusted HR, 0.37; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed similar results in each group of patients with CA 19-9 elevation and CEA elevation. In addition, elevated baseline CEA was associated with poor survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Tumor marker decline was associated with improved survival in biliary tract cancer. Measuring tumor marker after the first cycle of chemotherapy can be used as an early assessment of treatment outcome.

The clinical application and research progression of some canonical tumor biomarkers / 中华检验医学杂志

Early detection and diagnosis are the key steps in curing tumors .With the development of molecular biology technology , tumor biomarkers detection plays an increasingly important role in many aspects, such as looking for primary tumors , screening tumor susceptible persons and estimating the progression of various tumors .The number of frequently used tumor biomarkers in early detection , guiding treatment and estimating prognosis is limited .All these tumor biomarkers show their own advantages and certain limitations in clinical application .The tumor markers used in targeting cell proliferation are hopeful in promoting the rate of tumor detection .

Diagnostic Value of Thirteen Types of Serum Tumor Markers for Lung Cancer in China:A Meta-Analysis / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate diagnostic values of thirteen single and combined serum tumor markers in the diagnosis of lung cancer in Chinese people.Methods Chinese databases were searched systematically for prospective studies of serum tumor markers in Chinese patients with lung cancer and standard statistical methods for meta-analysis were applied.Results Thirty articles were selected containing thirteen types of molecular tumor markers and 4 393 people.The optimal serum marker was CEA+CA125+CYFRA21-1 with the combined sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likeli-hood ratio,the diagnostic odds ratio and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)was 87%[95% confidence interval (CI)0.81~0.91],93%(95% CI 0.89~0.95),11.8 (95% CI 7.84~17.7),0.15 (95% CI 0.10~0.21),81.3(95% CI 44.4~149.0)and 0.910,respectively.Conclusion There was improved diagnostic performance in combined markers than other individuals.Serum tumor marker CEA+CA125+CYFRA21-1 is the optimal biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Differential proteomic study of papillary thyroid carcinoma and thyroid borderline lesion / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To search for potential protein biomarkers of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and thyroid borderline lesion. Dif-ferentially expressed proteins between the two were analyzed and identified. Methods:A total of 118 cases of thyroid resection sam-ples were obtained from patients who underwent surgery at the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from April 2013 to Febru-ary 2015. Experimental groups included 43 PTCs (40 classic and 3 follicular variants) and 33 thyroid borderline lesions (with equivocal PTC type nuclear features and papillary structure, but without metastasis, and lacking capsular or vascular invasion;8 cases with atypi-cal adenoma), respectively. The control group included 42 normal thyroid tissues adjacent to carcinoma. The total protein extracts from frozen thyroid samples of 10 cases in each group were profiled with 2D electrophoresis. The differential protein spots were then revealed by PDQUEST 7.3 software and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-fight/time-of-fight mass spec-trometry and Swiss-Prot database search. Six differentially expressed proteins of these spots were further validated using 118 samples through immunohistochemistry. Results:A set of 24 differentially expressed spots significant in discriminating between the sample groups were found, and 18 proteins were identified. Immunohistochemistry revealed the following six proteins located in the cyto-plasm:keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8 (CK8);keratin, type I cytoskeletal 18 (CK18);60 kDa heat shock protein (HSP60);actin, cytoplasmic 2 (γ-actin);14-3-3 protein beta/alpha (14-3-3β/α);and 14-3-3 protein epsilon (14-3-3ε). All six proteins were overexpressed in PTC compared with normal tissues (P<0.001). Meanwhile, CK8, CK18, HSP60, andγ-actin were overexpressed in PTC compared with bor-derline lesions (P<0.01). Except for CK8, the five other proteins were overexpressed in borderline lesions compared with normal tis-sues (P<0.001). Conclusion:Proteomic analysis is useful in searching for new biomarkers of PTC and thyroid borderline lesion. The ex-pression patterns of these differentially expressed proteins can be further validated using immunohistochemistry. The newly identified protein biomarkers can positively contribute to early PTC diagnosis.

Clinical significance of serum CA15-3 as a prognostic parameter during follow-up periods in patients with breast cancer

PURPOSE: To assess the relationship between the kinetics of the serum CA15-3 level and the five-year disease-free survival rate of breast cancer patients. METHODS: The subjects of this study, 297 women who were diagnosed with breast cancer, were the subset of patients operated on at Kosin University Gospel Hospital from January 2008 to December 2010. We evaluated the change of serum CA15-3 levels during outpatient follow-up period. The changing patterns of serum CA15-3 level were divided into 5 categories; surge without decline, surge with incidental decline, decline without surge, decline with incidental surge, and no change. Clinicopathologic factors were evaluated for each group. RESULTS: The number of patients in surge without decline, surge with incidental decline, decline without surge, decline with incidental surge, and no changes groups were 30 (10.1%), 85 (28.6%), 80 (26.9%), 73 (24.6%), and 29 (9.7%), respectively. The clinicopathologic characteristics were not significantly different among these groups. The log rank test found that 5-year disease-free survival rate according to the kinetics of serum CA15-3 levels were significant (P = 0.004) particularly for the surge without decline group. CONCLUSION: According to the findings of this study, the surge without incidental decline pattern of serum CA15-3 levels during the follow-up period is associated with poor prognosis. Significant association was found among changing patterns of serum CA15-3 levels and breast cancer recurrence rate.

Value of multi-biomarkers plus PSA in the diagnosis of prostate cancer / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinic value of multiple tumor markers plus PSA in diagnosing prostate cancer.Methods We collected serum samples of 140 prostate cancer patients with average age of 68 (48-82) years,104 benign prostate hyperplasia patients with average age of 70 (52-87) years,and 162 healthy people with average age of 38 (23-49) years.We had detected PSA levels and also the protein expressions of XAGE-1b,SSX-2,AM ACR and AKAP4.In healthy people,the ranges of the normal values with 95％ data range were determined.Multiple tumor markers and PSA were calculated their positive rate,specificity and sensitivity in diagnosing prostate cancer.We had randomly chosen one positive serum,and analyzed the 4 protein expressions by Western bolt.We detected the serum with the four markers plus PSA by Luminex medthod,then drew ROC curve and calculated AUC area according to the results.Results Among all those samples,PSA levels of 266 samples were under 4tμg/L,86 samples were between 4-10 μg/L,and 54 samples were above 10 μg/L.The positive rates of XAGE-1b,SSX-2,AMACR and AKAP4 in prostate cancer patients were 53.6％ (75/140),34.3％ (48/140),27.9％ (39/140),44.3％ (62/140) respectively.The AUC of XAGE-1b,SSX-2,AMACR,AKAP4 and PSA were 0.666,0.615,0.551,0.768,0.675 respectively.The AUC of their combination was 0.887; The specificity and sensitivity of single PSA detection and combination detection were 60.0％,46.2％ and 80.0％,82.2％.Among those whose PSA value was between 4-10 μg/L,the AUC of single PSA detection was 0.505,the specificity and sensitivity of single PSA detection were 43.2％ and 31.8％; the AUC of the combination detection was 0.803; their specificity and sensitivity were 83.7％ and 73.2％.Conclusions Compared with the single PSA detection,the combination of XAGE-1b,SSX-2,AMACR,AKAP4 and PSA has been greatly improved the specificity and sensitivity in prostate cancer detection.This tool still has significant value even in patients with PSA value between 4-10 μg/L.

Different expression of miRNA-449 a in lung cancer and precancerous tissue / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the expression and biological function of miRNA-449 a in lung cancer . Methods A case-control study was conducted in 58 patients diagnosed with lung cancer ( carcinoma and adeno-carcinoma) and normal tissue closely adjacent to tumor.MiRNA-449a simulation was designed and synthesized, was dissolved into two different concentrations as 10 and 20 mg/mL.The expression of miRNA-449a in lung cancer tissues and matched normal tissues were detected by Real time PCR .The expression of luciferase gene was detected by chemiluminescence technique.MiRNA-449a mimics on cell apoptosis was evaluated by MTT assay . Results The mean tissues expression levels of miRNA-449 a in squamous carcinoma group and adenocarcinoma group were 1.48 ±1.63 and 1.52 ±1.54 respectively, and were significantly lower than in control group (2.74 ± 1.55 ) ( P<0.01 ) .The average intensity of fluorescent protein in 10 mg/mL group and 20 mg/mL group were 2 115 ±168 and 1 352 ±159 respectively , and were significantly lower than that in control group ( 4 975 ±115 ) ( P<0.01 ) .Conclusions MiRNA-449 a was down-regulated expression in lung cancer and induced apoptosis .

The expression of plasmic DCLK1 in patients with colorectal cancer and its clinical significance / 肿瘤

Objective: To examine the plasmic expression level of doublecortinlike kinase 1 (DCLK1) in patients with colorectal cancer and explore its diagnostic value through comparing with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Methods: The plasma samples were obtained from 78 patients with colorectal cancer before surgical operation and 48 healthy volunteers. The plasmic expression levels of DCLK1 and CEA were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of DCLK1 and CEA alone as well as in combination for diagnosis of colorectal cancer were compared. The relationships of the plasmic expression levels of DCLK1 and CEA with the clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results: The plasmic expression levels of DCLK1 and CEA in patients with colorectal cancer were both higher than those in the healthy volunteers (both P < 0.01). The sensitivity and accuracy of DCLK1 for diagnosis of colorectal cancer were both higher than those of CEA. The combination of DCLK1 and CEA could further improve the sensitivity and accuracy of diagnosis. The plasmic expression level of DCLK1 had a significant impact on TNM staging, degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion (all P < 0.01). Conclusion: Plasmic DCLK1 is expected to become a novel tumor biomarker for diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and it is associated with the grade of malignancy.